June/July 2019
Geosynthetics Magazine
By E. Silva and T. D. Stark
Since the first flexible membrane liner (FML) was used as part of an environmental liner system, the geomembrane industry has always looked for innovative solutions to environmental containment applications. Although there have been many innovations over the last fifty (50) years, one of the most significant is the introduction of ketone ethylene ester (KEE), which is a solid plasticizer. KEE is available under the Elvaloy® trade or product name and is used to plasticize PVC geomembranes as discussed in detail below.
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